Reduced ENaC activity and blood pressure in mice with genetic knockout of the insulin receptor in the renal collecting duct.

To elucidate the role of the insulin receptor (IR) in collecting duct (CD), we bred mice with IR selectively deleted from CD principal cells using an aquaporin-2 promoter to drive Cre-recombinase expression. Young, adult male knockout (KO) mice had altered plasma and electrolyte homeostasis under high- (HS) and low-sodium (LS) diets, relative to wild-type (WT) littermates. One week of LS feeding led to a significant reduction in urine potassium (K(+)) and sodium (Na(+)) excretion in KO, and a reduction in the ratio of Na(+) to chloride (Cl(-)) in plasma, relative to WT. HS diet (1 wk) increased plasma K(+) and reduced urine Na(+) to Cl(-) ratio in the KO. Furthermore, KO mice had a significantly (P = 0.025) blunted natriuretic response to benzamil, an epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) antagonist. Western blotting of cortex homogenates revealed modestly, but significantly (∼15%), lower band density for the β-subunit of ENaC in the KO vs. WT mice, with no differences for the α- or γ-subunits. Moreover, blood pressure (BP), measured by radiotelemetry, was significantly lower in KO vs. WT mice under basal conditions (mmHg): 112 ± 5 (WT), 104 ± 2 (KO), P = 0.023. Chronic insulin infusion reduced heart rate in the WT, but not in the KO, and modestly reduced BP in the WT only. Overall, these results support a fundamental role for insulin through its classic receptor in the modulation of electrolyte homeostasis and BP.